Experiment Types

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This is used for discontinued or demanifested experiments

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Lifetime Surveillance of Astronaut Health (LSAH)

The Lifetime Surveillance of Astronaut Health (LSAH) is a proactive occupational surveillance program for the astronaut corps to screen and monitor astronauts for occupational related injury or disease. The LSAH program examines the incidence of acute and chronic morbidity and mortality of astronauts, and defines the risks of morbidity and mortality associated with the occupational exposures encountered by astronauts. From the evidence obtained, individually tailored follow-up medical examinations will be designed to track the astronaut population more rigorously and capture sub-clinical medical events. This enables systematic evaluation of astronauts to detect potential health problems at an early state and to facilitate action to prevent the development or progression of occupationally-related diseases. Statistical analyses and reports generation are conducted to support clinical care and occupational surveillance, Space Medicine operations and countermeasure effectiveness assessment. Active surveillance for outcomes of particular interest shall be conducted. Operational investigations shall be conducted as needed to support the following activities:

1) population-based clinical care and occupational surveillance, including evaluation of exposure histories and follow-up based on clinical protocols

2) active surveillance for conditions of interest

3) Space Medicine operations and countermeasure effectiveness assessment

4) analyses supporting development of requirements for human-rated vehicles

5) the Human Research Program gap assessment

6) transition to operations assessment.

The LSAH Repository (LSAH-R) was established to implement a research component to enable analysis of astronaut medical data. The LSAH-R research proposal has been approved by the JSC IRB. Informed consent for use of medical data for research purposes shall be obtained from NASA astronauts. The LSAH-R will support research studies through epidemiologic analyses, data exploration and data visualization techniques.

Limitations of the Data: The primary goal for collecting the data is for clinical purposes, rather than a research study. The data content is driven by crew surgeon need – the data may list outcome (e.g. “normal”) rather than a specific value, the data may not always be collected for each crew member, or the data may be taken under different circumstances (e.g. an astronaut returning on a Soyuz may have different test dates or even types of test than an astronaut returning on a Shuttle).

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More information: jsc-lsah@mail.nasa.gov

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Shuttle Ongoing Research

NASA's Space Shuttle Program turned the dream to live and work in space into a reality by enabling humans to build the world's largest orbiting laboratory, the International Space Station (ISS). The Space Shuttle is a reusable spacecraft that launches like a rocket, has maneuverability in space, and lands like an airplane. The Shuttle can be used as an observation post in space, as a ferry to resupply the space station, as well as a space platform for a fully equipped laboratory to perform medical, scientific, engineering, and industrial experiments. As one of NASA's foremost projects, the Shuttle Program has accomplished many tasks enhancing the quality of life on Earth, such as launching weather satellites and improving drug development.

Some life sciences experiments are developed and readied for flight on a variety of platforms such as the ISS and the Space Shuttle. Detailed Supplementary Objectives (DSOs) and Supplemental Medical Objectives (SMOs) are the primary types of life sciences investigations currently being conducted as a part of the Space Shuttle missions.

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Free Flyer

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Shuttle Detailed Test Objectives (DTO)

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Shuttle Hardware Verification Test (Middeck)

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Shuttle Office of Space Sciences (OSS)

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Longitudinal Study of Astronaut Health (LSAH)

In 1992, the Longitudinal Study of Astronaut Health (LSAH) began to investigate the incidence of acute and chronic morbidity and mortality of astronauts to determine whether the unique occupational exposures encountered by astronauts are associated with increased risks of total or cause-specific morbidity and mortality.

The Longitudinal Study of Astronaut Health (LSAH) was a cohort study designed to investigate and describe the incidence of acute and chronic morbidity and mortality of astronauts and to determine whether the unique occupational exposures encountered by astronauts are associated with increased risks of either total or cause-specific morbidity or mortality.

Specifically, the primary a priori hypotheses to be tested were: 1) astronauts are at different risk of total morbidity (defined as rate of incident cases of diseases/disorders, rate of hospitalizations, and average number of hospitalization days per person), than ground-based employees; and 2) astronauts are at different risk of total mortality than ground-based employees. Risk was measured relative to civil service employees located at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) who work and live, at least for a time, in the same geographical area as the astronauts; who participate in the JSC Occupational Medicine Clinic (OMC) Employee Wellness Program by undergoing preventative health examinations; and who have volunteered to participate in the study.

All astronauts selected for the NASA astronaut program were followed as "exposed" subjects from selection through-out the course of the study. Civil service employees who receive routine annual physical examinations at the OMC are selected as comparison subjects using age, sex, and body mass index as selection criteria, and they are followed in the same manner as the astronauts. As new astronauts are selected, matching groups of comparison participants were identified and recruited. The ratio of participants was three comparison subjects for every one astronaut. Morbidity, mortality, physical examination, and laboratory data were collected utilizing medical records routinely collected at the Johnson Space Center, as well as medical consultant reports, hospital discharge summaries, death certificates, and, when available, autopsy reports. The data bases are useful as computerized medical records as well as for research purposes.

The personal medical data included in the data bases of the LSAH are protected by the Privacy Act of 1974 and by the additional Security procedures and Policies of the LSAH and the JSC Clinics. Individual participant data are not included in reports or publications; only group data are presented.

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NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations (NEEMO) Project

The NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations (NEEMO) Project is a cooperative effort between NASA, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Undersea Research Center (NURC), and the University of North Carolina at Wilmington. NEEMO was developed by astronaut training specialists to utilize an undersea research habitat, known as Aquarius as a multi-objective mission analog for long-duration space flight. NEEMO missions provide scientists a research platform to study crew behavior, habitability, and space analog life sciences in extreme environments. The objectives of each NEEMO mission varies and consist of space mission related activities such as EVAs (also known as extra vehicular activities), in-habitat science and research, and educational, public outreach, and media events.

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Shuttle Student Involvement Program (SSIP)

The Shuttle Student Involvement Program (SSIP) was sponsored jointly by the National Science Teacher's Association and NASA. The program gave students in U.S. secondary schools the opportunity to propose experiments for flight on the Space Shuttle. A contest was held every year to select experiments for flight.

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